It’s common knowledge that deaf children’s literacy rates have still not made much progress since the changes in deaf education 30 years ago. Despite the technological advancements in audiology with cochlear implants, digital hearing aids, radio aids etc, deaf children are still not making progress on par with their hearing peers. Why not?
The biggest change has been to the education placement of deaf children themselves, with a decreasing number being taught in deaf schools and an increasing number being taught in mainstream settings whether it has a deaf unit or not. The majority of deaf children are now taught within mainstream settings.
Ironically, it is seen as ‘forward thinking’ to send a deaf child to a mainstream school, and ‘backwards’ to send them to a deaf special school. Which is a shame, because both settings can be successful depending on the deaf child themselves and how the deaf units in the schools are run/how the deaf child is integrated into mainstream class.
How deaf children are taught in mainstream settings varies from one school to the next, with differing communication modalities used. In all, there are a wide range of variables for deaf children in mainstream.
Advisory teachers of the deaf (ToDs) may only visit them once or twice a week depending on their ‘criteria’ (which is often based on the level of their deafness, and not the impact of their language input and ability).
As they tend to be only 1 deaf child out of 30 in a mainstream class, training for mainstream teachers is a low priority, and maybe done once a year, if they’re lucky. This is not the fault of the ToDs, as understandably, some schools do not see training as a priority when there are 30 other hearing children to consider.
The demands on mainstream teachers has increased considerably with an increasing number of SEN children being taught in mainstream school. Deafness is still misunderstood in general society, especially in mainstream schools where there is little knowledge, understanding or training on deafness.
It is far cheaper to send deaf children to mainstream schools than to run a deaf school, despite growing evidence that inclusion for deaf children is not working effectively at times in some schools. Where is the evidence coming from? Teachers of the Deaf themselves, or TAs/CSWs working with deaf children.
Most conversations I have with ToDs (deaf or hearing) I ask where they work, and then I ask ‘Is it working?’ they usually pause before saying ‘well, not really….’. They are all are constrained by powers above to be able to effectively say anything. There needs to be some sort of whistleblowing procedure for these type of issues. Who do they whistleblow to? Are Ofsted clued up on deaf education? In my experience, they are not.
What is even more disturbing is that as a Deaf Teacher of the Deaf myself, I have encountered discrimination within my own working profession. Yes, you read that right, I am discriminated against in the 21st century, within my OWN Teacher of the Deaf profession.
When I got my first ToD teaching job, it was announced in a staff meeting at this school. As I had worked there previously under a teaching assistant capacity, staff knew me. One near retirement CSW said that a deaf person shouldn’t be given jobs at a deaf school.
One local authority recently were discussing about possibly advertising for a new advisory ToD. When it was expressed that I may be interested, the response from some ToDs was that a deaf person shouldn’t become an advisory ToD because ‘deaf people are opinionated and forward’.
Why are hearing people involved in deaf education saying these things? Are they intimidated and threatened by deaf people? Why can’t deaf people be opinionated and forward, just like hearing people are? What’s wrong with being opinionated and forward, is this because we have more to say based on our own personal experiences and knowledge?
This should be a positive, not a negative. You use that in a positive professional manner, just like a domestic abuse victim working for a domestic abuse charity would use their personal experiences to help others in a professional capacity.
Now if you read this article again, imagine I am talking about a black person trying to get involved in black education run by white people. Would people stand for the comments made then? Racism and discrimination are the first things that come to mind in that case.
Why is it different for deaf people? Why is there such hostility against deaf people being involved in the education of their own ‘kin’ as to speak?
In my experience, ToDs who were trained in the 70s/80s are different to those who are trained in the 90s/00s. It seems the older ToDs still preach and encourage an oralist model, whereas the latter tend to encourage signing alongside speech.This has an impact on the effect of working together in various workplaces whether its in mainstream schools or in local authorities.
There are some fantastic ToDs who are hearing working in deaf education or in local authorities, but in my experience, they tend to be ones who were trained in the 80s/90s. Both situations above were made by people who were trained in the former eras.
There isn’t equality for deaf people even today. Attitudes towards deaf people is still poor (as we have seen with the changes from Disability Living Allowance to the Personal Independent Payment) and deaf awareness is still very poor. British Sign Language is recognised, but not made a legal act. Perhaps this is why so much hasn’t changed.
Deaf people are still not being listened to, and are being discouraged from being involved in deaf education. Maybe that’s the root of the problem. Maybe we, as collective, need to be ‘opinionated and forward’ in order to change things for the better, so that no one else ever says that deaf people shouldn’t be working in the deaf education sector.
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Linda Richards
May 11, 2015
Thank you. I’m going to share the link to this in the BSL (Scotland) Bill as it is both relevant and, in the light of its next meeting tomorrow on children’s attainment, will be even more pertinent. We have so much to do….
On another point, why is it called ‘mainstream’ education? Deaf people call it ‘hearing school’ and hearing people call it ‘school’. This use of ‘normalising’ text to convince parents of Deaf children is insidious. Time for us all to stop using this term. Call it ‘hearing schools’, ‘English language schools’, whatever – call it what it is. And give a truer context to what the Deaf child is being placed in – a HEARING school, an ENGLISH LANGUAGE school, a NON-BILINGUAL school…
Anything but ‘mainstream’.
Miss Frustrated
May 11, 2015
‘waving hands’ My sentiments exactly.
Its not just Deaf teachers but I have seen similar instances happening in other professions; I am the best in my field; I happen to be Deaf; in some cases I am not listened to simply because I am Deaf but when a crisis looms, the top managers come running to me begging for my expert knowledge.
It is extremely sad we have lost Deaf schools these wont come back unless a millionaire businessperson sets up a free school for the Deaf. I really hope that they wont close the remaining Deaf schools (unfortunately one is currently under special measures – this can be debated that Ofsted don’t have expertise in Deafness and the issues it brings).
I also work with mainstreamed deaf kids and – to be blunt – they are lost. If it wasn’t for me and my wonderful team they wouldn’t have an identity, they wouldn’t have gained self-esteem, they wouldn’t be viewed as a troublemaker in their schools. I am fed up with arguing with so-called professionals that the medical model should NOT be adhered to; I say it doesn’t matter the degree of deafness it is the impact of the deafness. All children are different, they cope differently but all of them need support no matter if they aren’t eligible for EHC plans (also we need to consider the fact that the likelihood that they will continue to lose their remaining hearing as they age so we need to instil some Deaf awareness and confidence)
Societal barriers will remain but please don’t give up, we will fight for future generations!
pennybsl
May 11, 2015
HIGH FIVE ……….. and may of us have started the process in Facebook & other means of sharing solidary “we, as collective, need to be ‘opinionated and forward’ in order to change things for the better”.
We face more challenges with the new Government’s scheming to change Human Rights Legislation in the UK. We have to inform the consequences to our MPs ASAP.
When we get side-lined or slighted by archaic attitudes in our careers, these are an insult to our parents, teachers and trainers who believed in our abilities to work as more than competent Deaf Professionals.
Tim
May 11, 2015
I totally agree and I’m glad that there are people like you there fighting and making the case.
We are ‘opinionated and forward’ because we are constantly ignored, even though we have an intimate knowledge of what we are talking about. We know what’s wrong and how to put it right. So we become frustrated.
Oppressive hearing people will then grab onto that and use it as an excuse to continue ignoring deaf people and failing to hire them. In other words, they keep deaf people down, while all along fooling themselves that they are being helpful. It’s the ‘we know best’ attitude.
And unfortunately the same oppressive crooked thinking is used in other deaf areas. We have to try and work out who is genuinely respectful to deaf people and work with them.
Natalya D
May 12, 2015
Totally unsurprised and I too have heard this kind of comment about D/deaf professionals by Hearing “deafness (un)professionals” as if I am supposed to throw other deafies under the audism bus!
Even ToD training is often very very heavily biased towards “oralism as norm, BSL as an obscure sideline”. We need to insist ToDs have a higher standard of BSL and Deaf Culture training, encourage more D/deaf people into the profession, provide more D/deaf role models and encourage true bilcultural and bilingual options so the child gets language first and can then choose which tools work best for them in their lives…
Lana
May 12, 2015
I have a ToD in my Level 2 class t the moment who works with Deaf children for many years.. guess what? she failed her receptivity skills and conversational skills !
Mother of a deaf child
May 12, 2015
There are a number of inaccuracies in this article, at least in the US. Students are seen by ToD according to their IEPs, and therefore their need, not just their degree of hearing loss. My own child will be seen 45 minutes a day, every day, for her 6th grade year. Also, if a student is using sign language as their mode of communication in school, they will have an interpreter in the mainstream and that interpreter would also be there when the ToD is working with the student.
Tracey Rail
May 15, 2015
Sadly the situation in the UK is just as described in this article. The situation in the States is clearly very different. I worked as a CSW in a mainstream school in Cornwall when I had Level 1 BSL. My job description stated that my role was to “facilitate the pupil’s access to the curriculum”. I didn’t even know the signs for ‘science’ or ‘maths’.
Through determination to achieve appropriate skills I progressed in my BSL studies until I was ready to begin university Interpreter training. I approached my Head of Service for support in funding this training, in order that I could better fulfill my job description . I was told that Interpreter training was ‘not appropriate for this role’. I’m not sure what my HoS thought I did all day but clearly she didn’t understand the need or value of fluency in BSL.
Nothing seems to change and consequently education churns out Deaf children who suffer the consequences of a wholly inadequate education due to the failure to meet their specific language needs.
It’s nothing short of institutional abuse.